Ωo= 1 is taken automatically in the calculation of the reduced internal forces.

Symbols

Ωo = Overstrength factor

Internal forces that oppose ductile behavior are flexural moment, tensile force and similar internal forces. Ductility is the name given to the ability to make large displacements without losing strength. Overstrength factor, Ωo, is not used in reduced internal forces such as flexural moment and axial force, which have ductile behavior.

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Non-Ductile Internal Forces

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